Do you know? In India, 2 people die from cancer each minute, and breast cancer is the leading cancer in India and worldwide. Although anyone can develop breast cancer, women above fifty who have been through menopause are highly likely to develop breast cancer.
Breast cancer happens when the cells in one or both breasts grow in an uncontrolled and abnormal manner, and it may also spread to other body parts. Most often, cancer starts with the cells present in the milk-producing ducts. Though it is a leading cancer and one of the well-researched cancers, the cause of breast cancer is not yet fully understood. However, there are some factors that increase the chance of developing this cancer. Who is at more risk? Women, people at an advanced age, have a history of breast conditions, family history of breast cancer, received radiation treatments, drinking alcohol, or are obese are at higher risk of getting breast cancer. Women having a first child after age 30, having never been pregnant, beginning the menstruation before 12, or beginning the menopause at an older age are also at higher risk. A lump or part of thickened tissue in the breast is often the first symptom of breast cancer. You may notice a change in shape, size, or appearance of breasts, swelling or lump in either of the armpits or fluid discharge from the nipples. Medical experts recommend an annual mammogram (x-ray of the breast) for women aged 40 and above to check for early signs of breast cancer. Regularly examining the breast on your own (breast self-exam) to look for any changes in the shape, size, color, or feel and reporting it to the health care professional also plays a crucial role in early detection. The physician will examine the breasts, and order mammograms, breast ultrasound, breast biopsy, and MRI to diagnose breast cancer. Depending on the cancer type, stage, size, nature, and patient’s overall health, treatment for breast cancer vary. Often women undergo surgery for breast cancer first and may also receive other treatments additionally. The other treatments include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Healthy lifestyle ways such as healthy weight maintenance, regular exercise, and a healthy diet may help reduce the risk of many chronic health conditions, including breast cancer. Palbociclib is a targeted therapy medicine used to treat certain types of breast cancer. It blocks the proteins called cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, which are vital for the division and growth of cells. By blocking these proteins, this medication slows the growth and spread of cancer cells. Palbace 125mg Capsule is one of the products available in the market containing palbociclib. If you have breast cancer, your healthcare professional may prescribe Palbace 125mg Capsule. Effective birth control should be used during the treatment, and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose if you are a woman, or for at least 14 weeks after the last dose.
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Melanoma is one of the common skin cancers and accounts for 1 percent of total skin cancer cases. But it accounts for around 75 percent of the skin cancer-related deaths as this cancer can quickly grow and spread to the other body parts. The good part is that melanoma has a cure rate of 99% when found in its early stages. Melanocytes are the cells that produce melanin pigment that gives color to the skin. Melanoma occurs when the melanocytes divide and multiply in an uncontrolled manner. Scientists still do not know the clear cause of melanoma but strongly believe that harmful rays from the sun are the major risk factor for all skin cancers.
Sunlight contains two harmful rays – ultraviolet rays A and ultraviolet rays B, which are potential carcinogens (cancer-causing substances). On reaching the skin’s surface, they may cause changes in the genetic material (DNA) which leads to the production of abnormal cells. These rays can also cause sunburn, wrinkles, age spots, etc. People who look fair are more at risk of developing skin cancer. People who have weakened immune systems, live at a higher elevation, have unusual moles, or have a family history of melanoma are also at high risk of developing melanoma. The initial signs of melanoma include changes in the existing mole or the development of unusual growths on the skin. Other than skin, this cancer can also occur in the nose, eyes, etc. Melanoma usually develops in the areas of the skin exposed to the skin, but it can also occur in the other areas, such as the soles of the feet, and this is called hidden melanoma. People who are black in color are more at risk of hidden melanoma. Can it be prevented? Skin Cancer Foundation says that regular use of sunscreen can help lower your risk of melanoma by 50 percent and other common cancer called SCC (squamous cell carcinoma) by 40 percent. When choosing a sunscreen, make sure you buy a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a sun-protection factor of at least 30 to stay protected from both UVA and UVB rays. You can also avoid going outside between 10 am to 2 pm, when the sun’s rays are strongest. Wearing protective clothing that minimizes sun exposure and other sources of UV radiation, such as tanning beds, can help reduce your risk of melanoma. A biopsy involving the removal of unusual growth from the skin can help diagnose skin cancer, and this is enough to cure most early-stage melanomas. In some cases, the physicians may remove some healthy tissue surrounding the cancerous part. When cancer begins to spread, other treatment options such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy will be used. Noticing the unusual skin changes and consulting with a physician is important in finding the skin cancer early and its dangerous impact. Nivolumab is a targeted therapy used in the treatment of advanced melanoma in adults. It blocks the protein called PD-1 on certain immune cells called T-cells. This can activate T-cells to find and kill the cancer cells. Nivolumab is also used to treat cancers in the esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, head, and neck, urinary tract, bladder, kidney, and lung. Opdyta 40mg Injection is one of the products containing the active constituent nivolumab. Your doctor may prescribe Opdyta 40mg Injection if you have skin cancer or other cancers mentioned above. |
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