The blood malignancy known as chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), also called chronic myelogenous leukaemia, primarily affects the bone marrow and blood cells. It belongs to the larger class of malignancies known as leukaemia, which includes those that start in the bone marrow and impact blood cell formation.
Granulocytes, which are abnormal white blood cells, grow and accumulate uncontrollably in the bone marrow and blood, which is a hallmark of CML. The usual equilibrium of blood cell types is upset by the overproduction of white blood cells, which can result in a variety of symptoms and consequences. The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph chromosome), a genetic anomaly, is frequently the underlying cause of CML. A new gene termed BCR-ABL1 is created when a portion of chromosome 9 fuses with a portion of chromosome 22, causing this genetic abnormality. This gene's mutation results in the production of the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase protein, which is essential for the unchecked expansion of white blood cells. The signs and symptoms of CML might differ, and in the early stages, some people may not show any symptoms at all. Fatigue, weakness, weight loss, fever, night sweats, an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), and stomach discomfort brought on by the enlarged spleen are some of the common symptoms. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs): TKIs are the cornerstone of CML treatment. The active component of the Bonitar 400mg Tablet is bosutinib. It is a member of the class of drugs known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. They work by blocking the activity of the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase protein, thereby inhibiting the uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells. Some of the commonly used TKIs for CML treatment include:
For people with CML, routine monitoring and follow-up are crucial to gauge therapy efficacy, control potential adverse effects, and guarantee early diagnosis of any alterations. With the development of targeted treatments, the prognosis for CML has substantially improved, and many people with CML can have relatively normal lives with the right medical care and therapy. However, depending on variables like the stage of the disease at diagnosis, how well a patient responds to treatment, and their own health situation, the management and outlook may differ.
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