A class of medications known as proteasome inhibitors are used to treat cancer, particularly in treating certain blood malignancies, including multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. Proteasomes, a cellular component in charge of protein breakdown, are targeted, and proteasome inhibitors inhibit their activity as part of their mechanism of action.
The main job of the proteasome, a large protein complex located in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, is to break down unneeded or damaged proteins. This procedure is crucial for preserving cellular homeostasis, controlling protein levels, and getting rid of aberrant or misfolded proteins that might harm the cell. As a result of the proteasome's action being blocked by proteasome inhibitors, proteins that ought to be destroyed accumulate. As a result, several crucial cellular functions are interfered with, ultimately resulting in cancer cells dying. The following are the crucial phases in proteasome inhibitors' mode of action:
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